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medieval worlds • no. 24 • 2026
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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400 https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: verlag@oeaw.ac.at |
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DATUM, UNTERSCHRIFT / DATE, SIGNATURE
BANK AUSTRIA CREDITANSTALT, WIEN (IBAN AT04 1100 0006 2280 0100, BIC BKAUATWW), DEUTSCHE BANK MÜNCHEN (IBAN DE16 7007 0024 0238 8270 00, BIC DEUTDEDBMUC)
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medieval worlds • no. 24 • 2026, pp. 277-292, 2026/07/01
This conclusion offers a comparative synthesis of the origin narratives and analyses presented in this special section. It too thus spans the breadth from early medieval Europe all the way to Japan, while also adducing additional materials from Tibet. It first provides theoretical reflections on narrative change, emphasizing how writers could more easily adapt circulating myths than abandon or replace them. Accordingly, it argues that written myths and their permutations were not detached literary fiction, but had some part in historical social dynamics surrounding collective identities. As such, their form and variation constitute valuable historical resources. The subsequent discussion then highlights three recurring mythemes: stranger-kings, guiding animals, and sibling trios with rhyming or similar-sounding names. Informed by ethnographic theory, stranger-king narratives are analyzed for their insistence on the social centrality of an outside figure, which offers valuable emic support for the volume’s theoretical introduction on identity formation. This comparative exercise also sheds helpful light on certain narrative peculiarities touched upon by other contributors, such as the presence of ancestors of dubious standing, or the recurring trope of the hero’s exposure. Next, guiding animals and sibling trios are explored for their widespread presence across cultures, revealing structural similarities as well as cultural specificities. Throughout, the article illustrates the tension between the ways in which writers and story-tellers were restrained by, yet also managed to creatively adapt, their materials.
Keywords: ethnic origin stories, historical identity, narrative, textual change, the hero’s exposure, (potency of) alterity, Tibet, connectivity, comparative mythology