![]() |
medieval worlds • no. 24 • 2026
|
![]() |
Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400 https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: verlag@oeaw.ac.at |
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
DATUM, UNTERSCHRIFT / DATE, SIGNATURE
BANK AUSTRIA CREDITANSTALT, WIEN (IBAN AT04 1100 0006 2280 0100, BIC BKAUATWW), DEUTSCHE BANK MÜNCHEN (IBAN DE16 7007 0024 0238 8270 00, BIC DEUTDEDBMUC)
|

medieval worlds • no. 24 • 2026, pp. 86-107, 2026/07/01
Since the 1980s, early medieval historiography has undergone a wave of deconstruction, being credited with little credibility as historical sources. Even more, origin myths have been dismissed not only for their factual information, but also as indirect witnesses of indigenous constructions of identity. The article reopens the debate acknowledging the inspiring challenge of constructivism, but also questioning the new ontology that has spread in its simplifying reception. Using a number of methodological and philosophical approaches, it raises the question to what extent the past is only accessible as a construct, and who are the constructors. Referring to Waldenfels’ phenomenology, it argues that »the other« is not simply a construct of the sovereign self, but that the challenge of the alien is prior to its construction. That may also explain that many origin myths hardly offer positive models of identification, but are full of conflicts, failures and ambivalent figures. Foreignness and diversity are not only constructions of the self, but they are also deep experiences of a foregoing reality. Epistemologically, past diversity that we study is indeed always constructed, and all written sources are already the result of such constructions. Methodologically, therefore, the constructivist perspective needs to be maintained. As the article argues, we just have to avoid ontologising it. The ontological basis is human diversity. The epistemological goal is to understand how people deal with that challenge, and how identities and differences keep changing as a result.
Keywords: Early Middle Ages, origin myths, historiography, constructivism, deconstruction, phenomenology, ontology, diversity, identity, social memory