Walter POHL – Andre GINGRICH (Eds.) - Nathan P. Gibson (Guest Ed.)


medieval worlds • no. 18 • 2023




ISSN 2412-3196
Online Edition

ISBN 978-3-7001-9444-6
Online Edition

2023  License: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Open access
Indexed by:  ERIH-PLUS, Crossref, DOAJ, EZB

"medieval worlds" provides a forum for comparative, interdisciplinary and transcultural studies of the Middle Ages. Its aim is to overcome disciplinary boundaries, regional limits and national research traditions in Medieval Studies, to open up new spaces for discussion, and to help developing global perspectives. We focus on the period from c. 400 to 1500 CE but do not stick to rigid periodization.
medieval worlds is open to submissions of broadly comparative studies and matters of global interest, whether in single articles, companion papers, smaller clusters, or special issues on a subject of global/comparative history. We particularly invite studies of wide-ranging connectivity or comparison between different world regions.

Apart from research articles, medieval worlds publishes ongoing debates and project and conference reports on comparative medieval research.


In this volume we introduce the debate as a new format in Medieval Worlds. Scholars are invited to contribute to current topics of interest either with an essay or with comments to this essay. The series is opened with a lively discussion of the concept of “state” in medieval studies and offers contributions by B. D. Shaw, N. Di Cosmo, S. Gasparri and C. La Rocca, H.-W. Goetz, J. Haldon, Y. Stouraitis and R. Le Jan. M. Wiesinger, C. Jackel and N. Orban discuss first results of their ground-breaking ERC project Arithmetic, in which German mathematical treatises from the Late Middle Ages are studied. The second stand-alone contribution by A. Wareham compares English and Chinese sources with regard to peacemaking around the turn of the 11th century. The second instalment of our thematic section on Knowledge Collaboration among Jews, Christians, Zoroastrians, and Muslims in the Abbasid Near East (guest editor N.P. Gibson) presents further studies on textual evidence of “other” (religions) as well as insights into possible uses of digital tools in this context.

Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: verlag@oeaw.ac.at

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medieval worlds • no. 18 • 2023

ISSN 2412-3196
Online Edition

ISBN 978-3-7001-9444-6
Online Edition



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doi:10.1553/medievalworlds_no18_2023s246



doi:10.1553/medievalworlds_no18_2023s246

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Thema: journals
Walter POHL – Andre GINGRICH (Eds.) - Nathan P. Gibson (Guest Ed.)


medieval worlds • no. 18 • 2023




ISSN 2412-3196
Online Edition

ISBN 978-3-7001-9444-6
Online Edition

2023  License: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Open access
Indexed by:  ERIH-PLUS, Crossref, DOAJ, EZB


Nathan P. Gibson
S.  246 - 270
doi:10.1553/medievalworlds_no18_2023s246

Open access

Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften


doi:10.1553/medievalworlds_no18_2023s246
Abstract:
In this article, I identify some of the challenges of labeling religious affiliation in a medieval Arabic biographical text. I further propose a solution for characterizing such affiliations in a network or database while preserving the nuances and uncertainties of primary-source evidence. The goal of the »Communities of Knowledge« project was to observe cross-communal interactions in scholarly circles as represented in the History of Physicians by Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa (b. after 590 AH/1194 CE, d. 668/1269 or 1270). The network analysis at the core of the project’s large-scale view of these interactions presupposed linking hundreds or even thousands of individuals mentioned in the text to their various religious communities. Fundamentally, this linking involves two steps: (1) inferring an individual’s religious affiliation from the text and (2) making this inference accessible to the network analysis in the recording system. Both steps raise challenges. At the inference step, the concepts of religion and group adherence must be contextualized in Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa’s text. Here I explore his explicit, implicit, and ambiguous references to affiliation. At the recording step, a labeling system should allow varying levels of precision for the affiliation, should show the type and certainty of the »signal« (the evidence for inferring the affiliation), and should record multiple signals of a person’s affiliation where present, even if these appear contradictory. The model I propose with TEI-XML examples makes multiple signals and their attributes machine-actionable. Finally, I consider how this model relates to the possibility of machine labeling affiliations with named entity recognition (NER). Arabic NER models do not currently include entity types for religious affiliation, but the tagged text of the History of Physicians could help to train NER models on the nuances of religious affiliation in medieval Arabic texts.

Keywords:  religion and religious identity, interreligious relations, Near East/Middle East, digital humanities, Arabic onomastics, Abrahamic religions, Abbasid caliphate (132-656 AH/750-1258 CE), Arabic, biographical literature, Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa (b. after 590 AH/1194 CE, d. 668/1269 or 1270), network analysis, TEI-XML, named entity recognition (NER)
Published Online:  2023/07/03 04:54:29
Document Date:  2023/07/03 06:00:00
Object Identifier:  0xc1aa5572 0x003e599d
Rights:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

"medieval worlds" provides a forum for comparative, interdisciplinary and transcultural studies of the Middle Ages. Its aim is to overcome disciplinary boundaries, regional limits and national research traditions in Medieval Studies, to open up new spaces for discussion, and to help developing global perspectives. We focus on the period from c. 400 to 1500 CE but do not stick to rigid periodization.
medieval worlds is open to submissions of broadly comparative studies and matters of global interest, whether in single articles, companion papers, smaller clusters, or special issues on a subject of global/comparative history. We particularly invite studies of wide-ranging connectivity or comparison between different world regions.

Apart from research articles, medieval worlds publishes ongoing debates and project and conference reports on comparative medieval research.


In this volume we introduce the debate as a new format in Medieval Worlds. Scholars are invited to contribute to current topics of interest either with an essay or with comments to this essay. The series is opened with a lively discussion of the concept of “state” in medieval studies and offers contributions by B. D. Shaw, N. Di Cosmo, S. Gasparri and C. La Rocca, H.-W. Goetz, J. Haldon, Y. Stouraitis and R. Le Jan. M. Wiesinger, C. Jackel and N. Orban discuss first results of their ground-breaking ERC project Arithmetic, in which German mathematical treatises from the Late Middle Ages are studied. The second stand-alone contribution by A. Wareham compares English and Chinese sources with regard to peacemaking around the turn of the 11th century. The second instalment of our thematic section on Knowledge Collaboration among Jews, Christians, Zoroastrians, and Muslims in the Abbasid Near East (guest editor N.P. Gibson) presents further studies on textual evidence of “other” (religions) as well as insights into possible uses of digital tools in this context.



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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: verlag@oeaw.ac.at