• Walter POHL – Andre GINGRICH (Eds.)

medieval worlds • no. 13 • 2021

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medieval worlds provides a forum for comparative, interdisciplinary and transcultural studies of the Middle Ages. Its aim is to overcome disciplinary boundaries, regional limits and national research traditions in Medieval Studies, to open up new spaces for discussion, and to help developing global perspectives. We focus on the period from c. 400 to 1500 CE but do not stick to rigid periodization.
medieval worlds is open to submissions of broadly comparative studies and matters of global interest, whether in single articles, companion papers, smaller clusters, or special issues on a subject of global/comparative history. We particularly invite studies of wide-ranging connectivity or comparison between different world regions.
Apart from research articles, medieval worlds publishes ongoing debates and project and conference reports on comparative medieval research.


Editorial
Walter Pohl and Ingrid Hartl

Movement and Mobility in the Medieval Mediterranean:
Changing Perspectives from Late Antiquity to the Long-Twelfth Century, I

Guest Editors: Christopher Heath, Clemens Gantner and Edoardo Manarini

Introduction: Movement and Mobility in the Medieval Mediterranean:
Changing Perspectives from Late Antiquity to the Long-Twelfth Century
Christopher Heath, Clemens Gantner and Edoardo Manarini

Aspects of Movement and Mobility in Lombard Law: Fugitives, Runaway Slaves and StrangersAspects of Movement and Mobility in Lombard Law: Fugitives, Runaway Slaves and Strangers
Christopher Heath

Ad utriusque imperii unitatem? Anastasius Bibliothecarius as a Broker between Two Cultures and Three Courts in the Ninth Century
Clemens Gantner

Holiness on the Move: Relic Translations and the Affirmation of Authority on the Italian Edge of the Carolingian World
Francesco Veronese and Giulia Zornetta

The Translation of St Sylvester’s Relics from Rome to Nonantola: Itineraries of corpora sacra at the Crossroads between Devotion and Identity in Eighth-Tenth-Century Italy
Edoardo Manarini

Ideologies of Translation, III

Multilingual Sermons, II
Guest Editor: Jan Odstrčilík

Bilingualism in the Cambrai Homily
Gwendolyne Knight

Between Innovation and Tradition: Code-Switching in the Transmission of the Commentary to the Félire Óengusso
Nike Stam

Jacobus de Saraponte’s Aurissa: Evidence for Multilingual Preaching
Jan Odstrčilík

Language Mixing as a Persuasive Strategy in Oxford, MS Bodley 649
Helena Halmari

Individual Articles

The World Map of the Corpus Pelagianum (BNE, 1513, fol. 1v) and its Strategies of Identification
Patrick S. Marschner

The Pleasures of Virtue and the Virtues of Pleasure: The Classicizing Garden in Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century China and Byzantium
Curie Virág and Foteini Spingou

Sectarian Rivalry in Ninth-Century Cambodia: A Posthumous Inscription Narrating the Religious Tergiversations of Jayavarman III (K. 1457)
Dominic Goodall and Chhunteng Hun

Project Report

The European Qur’ān: The Place of the Muslim Holy Book in European Cultural History
John Tolan

Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
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A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: verlag@oeaw.ac.at

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medieval worlds • no. 13 • 2021

ISSN 2412-3196
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ISBN 978-3-7001-8982-4
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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
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Sectarian Rivalry in Ninth-Century Cambodia: A Posthumous Inscription Narrating the Religious Tergiversations of Jayavarman III (K. 1457)

    Dominic Goodall, Chhunteng Hun

medieval worlds • no. 13 • 2021, pp. 266-295, 2021/06/30

doi: 10.1553/medievalworlds_no13_2021s266

doi: 10.1553/medievalworlds_no13_2021s266


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doi:10.1553/medievalworlds_no13_2021s266



doi:10.1553/medievalworlds_no13_2021s266

Abstract

This article provides an edition and translation of an inscribed two-sided stela (K. 1457), discovered during the construction of a road in the northwest of Cambodia in 2019, that commemorates the endowment of a Viṣṇu temple during the reign of the ninth-century king Jayavarman III. The inscription, in Sanskrit verse except for a few lines in Khmer prose that give details of the grants made, is undated, but uses the posthumous name of Jayavarman III, namely Viṣṇuloka, whose death cannot have occurred later than 877 CE. »Syncretism« is a label often bandied about in connection with ancient Khmer religious life. In counterpoise, this epigraph alludes to Jayavarman III having attempted to drive out Buddhists and to convert his subjects into Śaivas, before being himself won over to Vaiṣṇava devotion, after his Śaiva chaplain was struck dumb and died during a debate with a priest of the temple of Cāmpeśvara, once the most famous Viṣṇu temple in the Khmer religious landscape, whose location can no longer be determined with certainty. A second faith-inspiring drama is also sketched after the first endowment: a wife of the king entered Viṣṇu’s temple while menstruating and began to bleed from her breasts. K. 1457 adds nuance to our picture of the interrelations between the classical Indian religions among the Khmers, and confirms the recognition at that time of three principal religionists: Buddhists, Vaiṣṇavas, and Śaivas. Comparison with evidence for religious rivalry specifically between Śaivas and Vaiṣṇavas in different parts of the Indian sub-continent (particularly Nepal and the Tamil-speaking South) enables us to set the Cambodian evidence in a relevant context.

Keywords: »Hinduism«, religious history, religious nomenclature, Khmer history, religious persecution, religious conversion, Śaivism, Vaiṣṇavism, Buddhism